Dash For Power

                      Science - How Two Horse’s Rumps Design American Rocket Systems

We received this as humor in our email, and had seen it before so had some information about this. I have turned it into one of those why series of questions our children ask, that causes us to go look up the real answer, after we have flubbed our way through pixies and fairy dust, it is our formal duty to tell the truth.  The truth is, the United States standard railroad gauge (distance between the rails) is 4 feet, 8.5 inches. That is a rather odd number, your daughter might well ask: why was that gauge used?

It was because the first railways were built in England, and English were invited over to built the first American railroads. And, she may well ask, why did the English build them like that?  You have looked it up: the answer is because the first rail lines were built by the same people who built the earliest railroad tram tracks, and that’s the gauge they used. Why did they use that gauge? Well, it seem that the men who built the tram tracks used the same wrenches, jigs and tools that they used for building wagons, which required that wheel spacing.

She says why did the wagons need that odd wheel spacing? you read some more, and find that it seems that if they used any other spacing, the wagon wheels would break,on the long distance roads in England. Why?  Because that’s the spacing of the wheel ruts. Why? They were built by Roman legions and slaves from nearby, who created those now old rutted roads.Rome built the first long distance roads in Europe, and England, for their legions. The roads have been used ever since. So what about those ruts in the stone roads?

Roman war chariots formed the initial ruts, which everyone else had to match, or they would soon destroy their wagon wheels. As these chariots were made for imperial Rome, they were made all alike in the wheel spacing.  So, now, the United States standard railroad gauge of 4 feet, 8.5 inches is from from the original measurements for an imperial Roman war chariot, which was designed for a chariot with two horses side by side.  Bureaucracies live on forever. Maybe the next time you are handed a specification/ procedure/ process and wonder which horse’s backside came up with this, you may be right on track. He or she is just on down the line.

Roman army chariots were made just wide enough to accommodate the backsides of two war horses. Remember this when you next see a space shuttle on the launch pad. You might give a thought of a Roman chariot, as there are two big solid booster rockets attached to the sides of the main fuel tank.  These are made at a factory in Utah. The engineers who designed these booster rockets knew they should be larger. But from Utah to Cape Kennedy these had to be shipped by train from the factory to the launch site. As it happens, the railroad line from the factory needs to run through a tunnel in the mountains, and those booster rockets had to fit through that tunnel. The tunnel is slightly wider than the railroad track, and the railroad track, as you know, is about as wide as two horses’ rumps.

So, this major space shuttle design feature of what is the world’s most advanced transport system was made possible more than two thousand years ago by the width of two horse’s backsides.  And now some people feel Washington is being governed by that same system and also by that same tunnel vision. We do not say that of course, but from the news, many are. Peace to us all; two horses rear width wide. So, you thought nothing could come of being a horse’s rear? Ancient horse’s rumps still control a lot, and their human ancestors everything else, still for a while. Hold on, we are coming up to a tunnel. Hold your horse, by the you know where, no need to upset the chariot over every little change.

Derek less than one rail wide Dashwood

Healthy Lifestyles- Meditating Away a Bloody Accident

We all keep replaying old negative scripts till it kills us, a new study has shown. Studies of nine thousand British Civil Servants were tracked long enough that it was found that people could die of a broken heart. They kept replaying the same old script that failed until it broke their hearts, literally. This study appeared in the Archives of Internet Medicine. They found that the stress and anxiety of hostile, angry relationships can boost the risk of developing heart disease. Chances of a heart attack or chest pain rose by 34 percent for those in stressful relationships in contrast to people on good terms with their spouse.

The researchers noted that negative aspects of close relationships are associated with coronary heart disease. Is that why henpecked Uncle Basil and bullied Aunt Beth both died at 48? Previous studies have shown the protective value of a nurturing relationship, but this was the first to study the ill effects of a non nurturing relationship. The research team followed these subjects over a 12 year period, and reported that those who stayed together but reported a high degree of hostile arguments, criticism and other types of conflict had that 34 percent greater risk of heart attacks or chest pain.

When the researchers deleted risk factors such as obesity, smoking, drinking and family history, the chance of a heart attack in a hostile relationship was still 23 percent higher, said Dr Roberto De Vogli, an epidemioligist at University College London, the leader of the study. If you have good people around it is good for your health. If you have negative people around it is much worse for your health.

The danger is that for all the positive effect of social relationships are having a significant protection effect, the negative impact seems far stronger, said Dr. De Vogli. People continually replay negative experiences. I have been since 1968 a meditator, one who once sat at the feet of the Maharishi, now famous from his teaching the Beatles the previous year, and the writer was once introduced, in a very holy experience, to the Dahli Llama.  At the same time, I was a Psychology Major. And while it is true that negative can overpower positive, you can also work through those negatives, and retrain yourself, gradually, hopefully, through those moments.

My personal experience is an example.When I was 13, a halloween bonfire rocket slipped in the sand as it was lit and shot through the crowd into the face of a woman standing behind me. She fell on me, I turned, people pulled away from us both and she stared at me until she died, with this large rocket sizzling into her left eye, blood pumping out, and her baby laying next to her, alive but singed.

I no longer waking up dreaming of that, but it took self hypnosis and therapy. And for you, too, there may be a moment you wish to forget, hopefully not a permanent negative situation. For me, it took years of meditation for 20 minutes a day allows inner self healing, somehow, some circuits can be quieted, more positives placed in the way.

Soldiers, police, everyone in the line of fire knows how powerful such a negative can affect, over time. The elders know rockets and poor marriages can kill, while innocent children only see but exciting sparklers, enchanting engagements, happily ever after marriages, a life of joy and excitement. Whether a rocket, or a failing marriage, it may take therapy and positive living to realize what was rare, was is ongoing pain. If you are both not good for each other, therapy is best, healing better, separation if necessary. When children involved, more lives to be considered. But an unhealthy home is a killer, science now shows. Let us kiss, make up, do something good, go plant a tree.

At times some horrible accident happens that can haunt us, such a any incident that involves blood and death. This was one such case in my early teens that I learned to put to rest.

Derek Dashwood. Good luck, God bless you with putting it to rest.

Chinese antiques have delicacy and intricacy that can amaze and delight. To view such pieces is to deeply appreciate that such an ancient civilization was creating such intricacy when most of the world, including Europeans lived in caves and trees is to appreciate the rich depth of the Inner Kingdom.

And yet as the present leaders remind us, this great civilization did not involve democracy, and they see no need to have it intrude into their eastern ways, which have worked so well for so long.Obviously many found offensive and how state organized it seemed, to then hear and see mobs of Chinese protest and boycott a French store in China. This manipulated fear mongering against a French company was because honest young people in Paris did dare protest the brutal mis treatment of the peoples of Tibet. And to me it seems the world rushed this honor of Greek democracy and fair play brotherhood to the wrong nation, too soon this time.

The glorious civilization of Germany was received with less ill will in 1936 than this 2008 torch under heavy police protection to make it safely up to the top of Mount Everest or what they now call it, and downhill perhaps on that new train right through to the smoke filled air of Beijing. Which, just to make a point, many world leaders are taking a pass on the glorious opening ceremonies. We all should too. And if it says China on the label, do we really need it this year?

What would be very wise, we advise, is to search out web net sales of original Chinese antiques, made back when they did not smog up the earth, but made it to last. And every time one of those breaks, there is one less precious actifact left for you. Clear your mantle, Mickey. Enough with the long car drive and the huge buggy at disco city. Instead, it is easier, and far wiser, for you to prowl the net for Chinese antiques, in a set. Until your mantle sings with bargain bid Mings.

And one day, years away, hear how your phone rings. Within the decade, a now much more rich Susie Wong will want to buy back her great grand mother’s Chinese antiques. Which sit on your mantle. And while neighbor Ned hauls his set of lead modern China to the yard sale, where he finds no one wants because everyone else had many huge buggy trips to disco city. Not you.

And those Olympics will seem more like Roman Circus than Athens, they could show fights between Lions and Buddhist Monks. Modern China, you befoul the Torch.  Chinese antiques were carefully created over eons. Modern China makes cheap goods with dollar an hour labor, beats monks, pollutes. 1936 Berlin Olympics? And rather than support the new CO2 coal air pushing at our sky, go invest in a Ming kind of thing.

Place your original Ming, not your lead lined fake thing, ceremoniously upon your mantle, Mickey, for a decade or two, and when you need back surgery or a trip, you get to see who sings for your Mings with 3 zero things added. Be inscrutable. In this uncertain future, yours would be assured if you packed and secured your mantle of Mings, wait a decade for things to evolve as they trend, then you, Marco, saw over the horizon.

And listen to that fast net boat just keep coming on in. You will wish you had bought more when you arrive at your future store, at  http://www.chineseantiquesshop.com

<a href=”http://www.chineseantiquesshop.com“>Chinese antiques</a>

Enjoy! Derek Ming Dashwood

To walk in the filthy air on the streets of Beijing today seems like a walk into hell. Yet, to be in a shop of Chinese antiques is as to cause you to walk quietly, in serene admiration of such elegance, from so far away, and created so long before it was known in the west. From Roman times, it was known that Rome’s eastern city of Damascus was actually on the western edge of a silk route to the vast Orient, beyond mighty mountains. The Romans knew Sumer was to the east, and Persia, and beyond were the spices of the Indies.

But only on the far northern route up over the hump of Asia could one come down into the lush green lands of China, whose range was from tropical south to polar north. The Chinese city of Harbin near Siberia has amazing and massive ice carvings each winter that draws millions. China was a civilization like none other on earth, and one in which Rome only received, as had Egypt before, this mysterious raw silk, which for 7,000 years has been woven into Damask in Damascus, the oldest city on earth continually settled.

Quite nearby Damascus is 10,000 year old Jericho, on a higher plateau with winters. And as in China, to have a range that brought you in security foods from the tropics to northern oats was to have it all. My daughter studied China and we looked up many interesting matters on the net. I learned that the mighty Yangtze River which enters the sea near Shanghai, happens to divide north and south produce. As the river generally runs west to east into the China sea: wheat is grown north of the river, rice to the south.

Yet for protection, the capital city always needed to be up north, near the Great Wall, always on the alert for Mongols to the north. Shanghai, in the middle of China on the coast is the city of the future as the cranes keep building higher.And as more factories are built, the air grows more dirty each day. And as Charles Dickens saw London in it’s polluted industrial expansion worst, so we are seeing China go through this now. So, as societies evolve, this too may pass. And as the technology now exists, and is being tested, patented, agreement rights, price, availability all get us no where yet.

But still China creates one new dirty coal burning plants each week in their plunge into dark riches, and those CO2 filled clouds pass over and rain onto us on the west coast of America now. Dickens London did not manage that. We know that Pocahantas caught her death of plague when she visited London, and is buried in Cornwall as she died before the ship taking her home to die made it past Land’s End. This summer, some elite athletes will skip the Olympics in Beijing with that fear in mind.

But we should have faith that the once and again becoming glorious China will soon desire to again see the light, and the blue sky. China is achieving massive progress, but surely could lighten up a lot on a, but we think China is so proud it will soon decide to show us, buy one hundred million high power filters, and show us who can ensure blue skies. When we see that competitive spirit from China being applied in a more, shall we say, civilized way, we will applaud. Perhaps even visit China to marvel. But not this Olympics.

Oh, that filthy air. So while modern China bulldozes it’s exquisite past to fill in valleys with hydro water, any Chinese antiques you can find at a bargain on any net site will be going, going and gone. When they lose fascination with their new cell phones and gadgets, they will get richer, and one day wonder who bought up the family heirlooms while they worked in the smog factory selling junk to the west, that did not need, but it was so cheap, they did buy, until their 1950’s era house had to be upgraded for the junk.

If so, China will hold the mortgage on the loan to put more of their lead lined modern replicas into your home. Who has the diamonds for brains, who the coal? Check into several Chinese Antiques sites, while they are on their way to get so rich they will play you way too much to buy it back. Just when you need back surgery, plan now, golden cow. Ming and Buddha on your mantle are here for you, unless Senator Wong bids more. Encore. You score. But these Chinese Antiques are about as good a bargain now; you wait, you will see. And no back pain and more joy to you, and to me.

The Ming vase original plant may soon be under water, and the dirty factory built on that sacred soil soon fuming dark gaseous CO2 clouds pumping furiously out at us. but if there are any Chinese antiques still available, you might want to put one on the mantle, and watch it create a retirement legacy for you. Not likely coming out of the factory replacing it, over building cement plants into the air to you. You might feel it wise to check out pure blue Ming that created in England the high nosed phrase Bone China.

There are still many, but increasingly, fewer fine pieces. Now, more often, China is creating the factory that will send discount store Ming copies to you. So while you can, you could look in and see, if an original is still there to you and to me. Time, gentlemen, originals of Chinese antiques are leaving the warehouse shelves, and being replaced by replicas. Which you carry into your inheritance, you choose.

Derek Dashwood. Check out amazingly reasonable prices yet still on

<a href=”http://www.chineseantiquesshop.com“>Chinese antiques</a>

http://www.chineseantiquesshop.com

A recent article had us discuss the satellite maps that display how the swirling wind currents take soot from India and deposit it over Arctic ice, and this good news towards that problem deals with that. A British television documentary has just had us follow a Chinese farmer who has created his simple yet effective means of getting away from gathering wood to cook the evening fire, causing all that soot in their house and all the way over the seas.

Bio Gas. Poop. The proud farmer showed what he is doing to help global warming. Their own toilet and the cattle poop are sent through several plastic tubes to a cement tub sunk in the ground. We see the bubbling stew of human and animal waste, and coming out of the center is another tube, which we follow, tacked up under the rafters of their tiny, tidy home, to the gas stove.

The wife turns the gas on, as she is about to prepare dinner, and she talks through a translator how much cleaner their home is now, compared to when they burned wood or coal to cook the meals: the children were always coughing and sick and she never felt well. Now, she looked healthy: they feel rich now. Since her husband read of this from information from the government, he had managed to build one of the first in the village: others now copy their example, and those who do not are still the sickly ones with soot filled houses, and are the poorest as they spend little time improving their fields in their search for firewood to cook their next meal: they have no time, no time, all work.

The documentary tells us and shows examples that the government of China is encouraging and helping build one hundred million such bio gas containers in the next few years. What this is doing to improve the atmosphere is also doing that which has always helped pull people out of poverty and closer to civilized comfort. They now have time to work the fields, make improvements to their equipment, that before had been wasted searching for firewood to cook by.

This seems like one of the least expensive programs the world should help make happen. In desert Africa, they also scramble for sticks of wood to cook their meal, with the cattle nearby. This seems something so inexpensive that all should not somehow help create a billion such gas creating climate cleansing containers, then a billion more.

The earth is warming, and any denial of that fact requires mind numbing stupidity or refusal to watch the numbers on the United Nations temperature reading, as the numbers click on up. We all need to encourage wise care of our good mother earth. This seems one good way.

Winning fighter pilots have this phrase, George Stalk reported last month in the Globe and Mail, and he further elaborates on this behavior that separates winners who twisted, turned, sped then braked until they saw their enemy combatant shoot past them in horror, get him square in front, line, fired, and spin away quickly from his brother getting a bead on you from behind, swing wildly out, circle and began again. This was the classic dog fight and has rather gone out of fashion at the present, more our side’s space age jets being fired on by their ground to air missiles from isolated retreats. At any rate, you might want to remember their mental agility as well as their physically perfectly shaped bodies make them men among men, our chosen best, and their plan is”

Observe, Orient, Decide, Act.

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Observe:
Across most businesses, time spent to complete a service and deliver to the customer is only a fraction of time spent in less productive ways to make this happen. During the 95 percent of the time a product or service is not receiving value while in the value system, the product or service is waiting. The Observation: companies that attack the consumption of time in their value-delivery system experience remarkable performance improvements.

Orient:
The waiting time has three components, the “3/3 Rule”. Time is lost waiting for for:
1. completion of the batch a product is part of:
2. completion of the batch ahead of the batch;
3. management to get around to making and executing the decision to send the batch to the next step of the value adding process.

Generally the 95 to 99.95 percent of time lost divides almost equally between the three categories. The Orientation: Growth rates of three times the industry average with two times the industry profit margins are achievable.

Decide:
Several recent articles deal with several Finnish manufacturers of wood products from the woods to refined products, and how they have fended off inexpensive Asian labor and high duty from the vast Russian forests nearby and close to them. Yet they deliver bargain printer paper to us in Canada and America. How they can do this and make huge profits, we discuss in a series of articles coming.

Act:
This quick response time to specific orders from customers, and their streamlined systems that had the unions cooperate with the forest giants to shut small, isolated, unproductive mills, with government and corporate cooperation helped re educate and find new jobs for those affected: all found better jobs in a more central town where the most up to date mills, or cell phone factories keep a northern people living a high standard of living, and adjusting, as change happen, forests regrow, Finns adapt. We could learn from people who long ago chopped down all their trees, have learned to nurture them, OODA loop them back to trees, husbandry and wifery, OODA works.

Derek Dashwood

In it’s recent issue Business Week surveyed many experts to bring us up to date on who is where on the new developing Cloud Power. This is the linking of millions of mainframes to use their occasional down time while another is temporarily overloaded, and thus increase the bandwidth of all to quick and easy access to any branch of government, police, private or public more immediately, and much more seamless than thought possible up to now. Business Week (BW) discusses the strengths and weakness of the five main contenders for world dominance in overwhelming Cloud Power. Those Big Five are described as Amazon, Microsoft, IBM, Yahoo and Google. We all deal with each at some time or level, and thus it seemed the BW summary of best likely performance by each, and who is hitting home runs while others are swinging away during their at bats. Who’s tipping his hat at the cheering crowd for another home run?

It is not Mr Amazon, BW says, the first but now the weakest, may come back. It is not Microsoft, perhaps wedded to their proprietary software, which could be a handicap.But they are building massive data centers in Illinois and Siberia. It is not IBM, King of business computing and traditional super computers, although they are joining with the leader to create a formidable new entity. It is not Yahoo, smaller and weaker than it’s mighty rival and with software not completely suited to cloud computing.

It is Google, the only search engine company built from the ground up around hardware. BW says by investing more than $2 billion a year in data centers makes Google by far and away the leader in Cloud computing. More news on this, as we hear: we’ll Google you to make sure it gets there a millisecond before we push send. Amazing, a name from the comics 50 years ago makes us old timers feel all Googlie, part of Barney’s family again. I doubt that Barnie is the entry code at Menlo Park. At any rate, this is good to know, that Google’s Cloud power is capable of expanding, billowing out, all our brains. And that, some would say, is a good thing.

Derek Dashwood

A recent article in Business Week details how a lofty new strategy plans to place incredible computing power in the hands of many. Google, by far the leader in the Cloud Vision of linking the most massive data banks together, is joining King of Computing, IBM, to link many large computer systems. So, again we all will likely benefit by this further advance: whether industry, universities, hospitals, public and private powerful computer systems. We all should soon begin to benefit by quicker reaction time to cross work zones that now has many bottlenecks. We should have our heads in the Clouds, but in the right way. Not like that last time.

That last time? Yes, it was late summer 1969. In response to US Military threats to withhold research funds until they pooled their data, Stanford and four other universities began to create a new electronic entity, hidden main server and a telephone line connection of all known information. In event of a Russian nuclear attack, America could rebuild and civilization not be lost into a post Atomic Dark age. This was military funding and ideology at it’s finest. The Arpanet soon had all universities and research funded agencies, then finally the rest of us. And now we couldn’t live without our emails, which has been a boon to all: talk to sick grandma across the country, send her today’s photos of the kids at the zoo.

Yet while Arpanet was being built, grumpily, begrudgingly; the rest of us were all out in our yards, back and forth to our TV’s, our heads in the clouds,watching this huge, historic event, the Moon Landing. Such joy and exultation. And it went on for several years, while quietly lads named Jobs and Gates were tinkering with computers. And now a lad their son’s age at Google is our Cloud Man. Business Week’s recently featured story on Google and their coming cloud wisdom says that young Mr. Christophe Bisciglia keeps challenging brilliant students in his university sponsored course with questions such as “What would you do with one thousand times more computing power”?

And as a favorite of the CEO Eric E. Schmidt, who nattily dressed like a banker, BW says makes an inspired brain storming team with the long haired, fast talking, quick thinking 27 year old Mr. Bisciglia, who was not born when we looked at the wrong clouds. BW says Google has been best managed and is by far the strongest in this competition for the most powerful cloud networks. Teaming with IBM in which all possible computing systems are available as backup, which will streamline many varying systems between industry, government, hospitals, police, fire, all emergency, and with plenty room for the rest of us with all these bandwidths streamlining together.

This is perhaps one of the finest examples of how greater civilian benefits can come out of a necessary military response appropriate to the time. That initial download of data, now transformed to linking all the mainframes so all are humming busily, even as switching stations for billions of other data bytes, while they work on their own programs.This can only help make our cloud vision quicker, brighter, more user friendly, and looking at the right clouds. More on this next.

Derek Dashwood

In discoveries equal to the first realizations that birds were modern dinosaurs, science has found that modern whales and dolphins were once a deer like thick ribbed and thicker earlobed cat size creature. It was a herbavour and it’s unique body structure, like the only modern land based relative the African mousedeer can stay underwater to avoid predators up to four minutes. The latest discoveries had been found years ago in Kashmir, and were only recently given by the widow of Mr. Ranga Rao to a modern scientist, Professor Hans Thewissen of the Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, whose group reconstructed a near complete skeleton of the new animal Indohyus.

Indohyus evolved rapidly in a ten million year period, gradually growing in size as it’s heavy bone structure allowed it to stay below predator. And it gradually became a carnivour with the abundance of sea life as well as the plankton, and slowly lost it’s fur and back legs, which evolved into fins and flippers. Still air breathing mammals, they have adapted and adopted back to the sea from the land. An interesting story that has only now become clear to us. This landmark finding was published in the Globe and Mail by Ian Sample of Guardian News Service in London. Fred Spoor, an anthropologist at University College London said the significance of this latest find was comparable to Archaeopteryx, the first fossil to show a clear transition between dinosaurs and birds. It is good to learn something new every day.

Derek Dashwood

Civilizations have exploded where people came together, thrived in their trade and industry, common goals, defence.

• Jericho, 10,000 years ago. Nomadic peoples noticed the natural grains in this valley crumbled into the hands, easily made into breads. Perhaps the first city, each having a role, baker, butcher, farmer, grain grinder, bowl craftsman, student…Sumer, and Egypt 3-4000 years ago. Civilizations growing out of the fertile plains of the Mesopotamian and Egyptian deserts, these city states began to create their own laws, codes, rules, thrived for thousands of years. Around Sumer, as the sands salted up, people left the marshes, came inland, great empires created. Babylon, recreated in recent decades, the fabled lands of Sinbad, Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves. Trades with the Orient.

• Egypt, a hierarchical and happy society for three thousands years without interuption, found their world come apart when Asian warriors on horses came out of the Arabian desert, wild Assryians with new swords, and on horses. The panicking Egyptians thought this was a new being, this mounted warrior on this unknown beast, the central Asian horse, now known to the known world.

• Science says civilization burst forward at this meeting point, the cradle became the carrier of civilization between Eqypt’s Africa, Sumer’s Asia, and Assyrian horses and new bronze age from Persia, Hindu, China and Eureasia, around the time of Christ, and as civilization continued north and west into Europe, first Greece, Macedonia, Rome, the Holy Roman Empire, the French, the Spanish, the German, the English, Dutch, Polish, Russian Empires, Mongol, Golden Hordes,  all emerged, reached their natural height and power and generally collapsed, often of their own weight and inefficiencies.

• Far away from these meeting points, herders and gatherers, the farther north the hardier, less evolved societies. In the north of England, south of the Roman Emperor Hadrian’s Wall designed to keep the wild Picts and Scots at bay, the lands were open as the Roman Armies were called back in defence of Rome as Germanic tribes raged through Italy.rome was sacked in 454 AD, by then Germanic Franks poured west into Gaul and, taking on a variance of the Roman language, have ruled Gaul since, renaming it after their homeland area of Frankfort: France, and their new language would be French. 

• Rome’s Britain, and fine capital Londoninium, were soon over run by Angles and Danes on the east, Saxons on the south coast, Norse Vikings in the north, the Celts fighting their legendary King Arthur’s legendary, and later King Alfred the Great’s historical fights to defend and create this new countrybecoming known as England. 

• In northern England, this adapting by peoples to recreat themselves shows a certain small focal point of local civilization that began to evolve as a Norseman named Vasa and his men took over a strategic hill overlooking a fertile valley. They built a fort here. Vasa’s Fort, or Ing in Norse. Vasa’s Ing thrived, and as the fort was on the Ton, the hill, it became Vasa’s Ing Ton, a safe place to bring and sell your produce, trade, the valley thrived. Vasa’s Ing Ton thrived, merchants became known as capable and filled with abilities.

• About a thousand years after all this, actions had created a modern speaking people able to merge their Germanic languages, and then with the new Normans, names of places and peoples further evolved. And after 1608 many English, especially the young and the restless, often the brightest and the best, left for America.

• One was a family from Vasa’s old stomping grounds. They thrived in the new America: one son got in trouble with his father about cutting down a cherry tree. By then the town, and the family name had evolved from “Vasa’s Ing Ton” to “Washington”, and that son-

• George, became America’s first President.

God bless America. Derek Vasa Dashwood